import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.ListView;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    ListView listView;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        listView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.listview);

        String[] listeCourse = new String[]{
                "Oranges",
                "Tomates",
                "Raisin",
                "Pain",
                "Banane",
                "Kiwi",
                "Pates",
                "Raviolis",
                "Fraises",
                "Glace",
                "Pizza",
                "Yaourts",
                "Riz",
                "Haricots"
        };

        ArrayAdapter<String> arrayAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, listeCourse);

        listView.setAdapter(arrayAdapter);

        listView.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> adapterView, View view, int i, long l) {
                System.out.println("tu as cliqué sur le " + i + "eme item");

                String itemValue = (String) listView.getItemAtPosition(i);
                System.out.println("Valeur de l'item : " + itemValue);
            }
        });
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context="com.example.formation.mylistview.MainActivity"
    android:orientation="vertical">


    <ListView
        android:id="@+id/listview"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"></ListView>

</LinearLayout>